When Cooper (the daughter) worked out the equations which allegedly assured the survival of the human race on Earth, she threw her notes from the balcony in the space center: "EUREKA!"
Now, her father sent her information to solve the puzzle she was working on. Presumably a quantum theory of gravity (quantum gravity). He got this information ("quantum data") from Tars, who found it inside the tesseract. So somewhere in the future human beings were taught how to construct quantum gravity. But where did they got the means to construct one from? Probably from the physics books in which Cooper's theory is explained. She is a famous scientist (even the temporary cylindrical space station is named after her), so for sure her theory will be published and taught to others. So, in effect, she teaches the theory to future generations. These generations put the theory inside the tesseract and father Cooper sends it back to his daughter.
The paradox is clear. Where the hell did the theory come from? Out of nothing? Is there a name for such a paradox? (If it's a paradox at all; the twin paradox refers to a situation that can happen in reality, while at first sight, the situation is not about to occur.
The same situation occurs in J.J. Abraham's Star Trek. Spock sends information from the future about a present puzzle in teleportation. The puzzle is solved in the present and will be part of future knowledge.
