It did work.
The loss of his radioman and his new scar notwithstanding, Landa's plan was implied to work. As Aldo is preparing to mark Landa, he remarks what a great deal Landa's proposal was for the Allies, prompts Utivich to agree with him, and concurs that he in fact would take (and presumably uphold) the deal if he himself were in charge.
ALDO: Well, if you're willing to barbecue the whole High Command, I suppose that's worth certain considerations.
The main reason he marks Landa is because he expects him to actually get what was promised and it doesn't sit well with him that Landa would get off scott free for all his previous crimes.
This is also reinforced by Aldo's line when he shoots the radioman:
LANDA: I made a deal with your General for that man's life!
ALDO: Yeah, they made that deal, but they don't give a fuck about him. It's you they want.
It is clear that Aldo expects the Allies to honor their deal with Landa. He even expects to get chewed out for shooting the radioman and carving a swastika into Landa's head. Landa's miscalculation was not in trusting the Allied command, it was in his faith that Aldo and his men would remain strictly obedient to the Allied command in delivering him and his radioman safely; after all, he heard the general order Aldo to deliver Landa and the radioman to them safely. And even with this miscalculation, it appears at the end of the movie that he will get his deal.