This is mostly difficult to answer without speculation as we only have what's in the movie to work with. But let's have a look.
To get more into detail, Beetlejuice is "The Ghost with the Most" A Poltergeist who specialises in "bio-exorcism". There are specific in universe rules for him to enter the living world namely,
- Saying his name three times.

For him to leave, again repeat three times.
The next rule for him to stay in the living world is to marry a living person, namely Lydia. As explained in this video.

The Wedding
We know that ghosts cannot be seen atleast not in the beginning, as the characters when trying to scare the Deetzes, simply can't...because they can't be seen.
Here, it's explained by Juno, Barbara and Adam must read the Handbook on interacting with the living, start basic, practice and learn.
The book presumably explains everything they need to know.

Seen in this link,
Juno
These are the only known rules explicitly explained in universe. When it comes to interacting with the living and what is explained. Nothing more can be assumed, as nothing else is ever explicitly said.
However If we do some critical thought. Those who have more powerful 'abilities' are those who have been presumably dead for a long time, have studied the handbook, and have higher positions in the dead society. As evidence of this:
- Juno is a higher level caseworker,
- Beetlejuice was her assistant and moved on to a "freelancer"
- Adam after having been dead for a longer time at the end of the movie and having studied the book, now appears to have more magical powers, allowing Lydia to fly and dance, and control inanimate objects.
Thus, the answer is, the longer you are dead, the more indepth you have studied the handbook, and possibly the higher 'position' one has, the more 'abilities' one as a ghost will have.
But this is based on pure speculation and observation. None of this is explained in-universe.